road works material
Road construction requires the creation of a continuous right-of-way, overcoming geographic obstacles.    Various Types of Sand There are three types of sand. 1. Pit Sand 2. River Sand
Pit Sand (Coarse Sand) Also, called as Coarse Sand. Pit sand is obtained by forming pits into soil from ‘Quarries’. It consists of sharp angular grains which are free from salts. It is coarse sand which is usually used in concreting and has reddish yellow color normally. Sand usually composed of grains that are relatively angular; it often contains clay and organic matter. When washed and screened it is good sand for general purposes. Due to the recent shortage of river sand resulting from a rapid growth of concrete constructions, sea sand and pit sand are increasingly used everywhere. Why do we go for Pit sand? Manufactured for optimum performance and safety Free of stones Surface won’t compact and get hard Sand is washed to keep dust at a minimum Fast drainage for fewer puddles Pit sand is better than both, road sand and the river sand. (especially if it contains the silicate of alumina in the soluble form) River Sand This sand is obtained from banks or beds of rivers. River sand is fine and consists of fine rounded grains. The color of river sand is almost white and Grayish. River sand is usually available in clean condition and is used for plastering. Gravel Gravel is an important commercial product. Gravel is composed of unconsolidated rock fragments that have a general particle size range and include size classes from granule- to boulder-sized fragments. Many roadways are surfaced with gravel, especially in rural areas where there is little traffic.  Where natural gravel deposits are insufficient for human purposes, gravel is often produced by quarrying and crushing hard-wearing rocks, such as sandstone, limestone, or basalt. Quarries where gravel is extracted are known as gravel pits.  Multiple types of gravel have been recognized, including: Bank gravel: gravel intermixed with sand or clay. Bench gravel: a bed of gravel located on the side of a valley above the present stream bottom, indicating the former location of the stream bed when it was at a higher level. Fine gravel: gravel consisting of particles with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm. Lag gravel: a surface accumulation of coarse gravel produced by the removal of finer particles. Pay gravel: also known as "pay dirt"; a nickname for gravel with a high concentration of gold and other precious metals. The metals are recovered through gold panning. Pea gravel: gravel that consists of small, rounded stones used in concrete surfaces. Also used for walkways, driveways and as a substrate in home aquariums. River run gravel: naturally deposited gravel found in and next to rivers and streams. And, a lot more. Gravels are embedded in the middle of each cemented sand layer. The size and number of embedded gravels varies. After two days curing, a series of unconfined compression tests is performed on the cemented sand with dispersed gravels. In addition to that, a series of direct shear tests is also carried out on clean sand with gravels to evaluate its friction angle. Gravel Crusher Gravel crusher is a type of stone crushers that is used to crush gravel. Gravel is the raw materials for construction, road, bridge and railway building and small gravel are also important for the manufacture of concrete. Limestone  Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate. Limestone was also a very popular building blocks, since it is hard, durable, and commonly occurs in easily accessible surface exposures. Limestone is readily available and relatively easy to cut into blocks or more elaborate carving. It is also long-lasting and stands up well to exposure.